A neonicotinoid pesticide alters how nectar chemistry affects bees

نویسندگان

چکیده

Neonicotinoid pesticides in the nectar and pollen of managed crops wildflowers contribute to global declines bees. These chemicals can have detrimental effects on bees' physiology, behaviour reproduction. Floral also contains secondary chemistry with its own bee health. How may act additively or synergistically neonicotinoids is unknown. Here, we asked how an acute exposure a common neonicotinoid, imidacloprid (IMD) affected longevity, immune function bumble Bombus impatiens workers maintained diets enriched one three metabolites (NSMs; alkaloid caffeine, terpenoid thymol cardiac glycoside digoxin). A factorial design allowed us assess potential for additive interactive each NSM IMD combination multiple health outcomes. Without exposure, different dietary NSMs had positive life span (caffeine), (digoxin) activity levels (caffeine, thymol), although these came trade-offs. single sublethal overshadowed effects, two cases, NSM-enriched diet magnified negative pesticide exposure. In summary, show that even has reshape interactions between pollinators plants mediated by chemistry. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Functional Ecology

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['0269-8463', '1365-2435']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14016